Reference ranges
Optimal ranges are tighter than standard lab ranges and reflect functional-medicine targets, not the populations they were derived from. Reference bands depend on sex, age, and circumstance — Juno's lab analysis layers your profile context onto the printed range when you paste a value.
Peptide relevance
Essential mineral; paired with zinc for proper interpretation (zinc:copper ratio ~10:1 to 15:1 optimal). High-dose zinc supplementation over months can deplete copper, causing anemia and neurological symptoms — track copper alongside zinc when supplementing. Low copper sometimes seen in post-bariatric surgery, malabsorption, or Wilson's disease (where copper is incorrectly excluded from ceruloplasmin and accumulates in tissues). Plasma copper alone is incomplete — ceruloplasmin is the binding protein and should be ordered together. No direct peptide effects in common stacks. GHK-Cu (a peptide) contains copper as a structural element; topical use is unlikely to shift systemic copper meaningfully.
Have a recent Copper, plasma value?
Paste it on the lab analysis page. Juno reads your active stack + (if shared) your medications and conditions, and surfaces plausible contributors with citations. Doesn't diagnose.
Sign-in required. The analysis is saved to your private history and audit-logged.